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Participatory Action Research (tools, websites, and links to journals)

The following are Participatory Action Research tools designed for courses I have taught in this area:

Guidelines for Oral History

Oral History Publications

Community Mapping / Information Gathering Exercise

Guidelines for Ethnographic Observation

Journal Entry Guidelines

Journal Entry Example

Research Autobiography

Creating a Genogram


The following is a guide to numerous web resources regarding PAR. The material is organized according to four main topic areas: Ethical and Cultural Research Guidelines, Participatory Action Research (PAR), Oral History/Narrative/Life Story Resources, and Visual Texts. Descriptions come from the websites themselves or are summarized and/or edited from sites listed within each section. (Updated August 2005)

Ethical and Cultural Research Guidelines

SRCD Ethical Standards for Research with Children

APA 2006 Ethics Code

APA Multicultural Guidelines

BC Human Subjects Policy


Participatory Action Research: A Partial Listing of WWW Sites

1. PARticipatory FEMinism (PARFEM)

This site was called "The PARticipatory FEMinism (PARFEM, or parfem in order to be accessible on all browsers with different platforms)" with the intention of making it a long-range site of PAR, emphasizing the practice and the philosophy of feminism as an integrated process. Though the site was originally envisioned for a Conference/Workshop organized by CPARN and FemPAR, the designers decided to capture the moment and extend the services to create an on-line participatory feminism experimental course, where learners contribute materials and ideas and carry on the dialogue. Part of the discussion on the parfem site focuses on generating and critiquing bibliography on the subject. The other part focuses on case studies and/or live events, such as presentations, discussions, creatively acted live case studies, etc.

2. PAR Network

This is a great site for PAR resources. It is exceptionally well maintained and the most technologically sophisticated and useful of all of the participatory research (participatory action research) sites on the Internet. It can be translated online into Spanish, French, Italian, German and Portuguese. The PARrchives area of the site has a fully searchable and interactive bibliographic database and Document Exchange containing over 550 citations, all with abstracts and keywords, many hard to locate articles are available in full text either free from the authors or for a small fee from PARnet. There is also an excellent calendar of international conferences and similar gatherings of interest; a listing of 42 other web sites recommended by the PAR community; and other sections under development. PARnet also hosts a number of electronic forums and lists, including one for discussing PAR issues with over 1000 subscribers, and another listing announcements of new books, papers, conferences, and events.

PARnet is a project of the Cornell PAR Network (http://www.einaudi.cornell.edu/cparn/). Based at Cornell University in central New York State, the Cornell PAR Network (CPARN) is a group of students, faculty, and local practitioners who share a commitment to promoting high standards of intellectual and social integrity in doing social research for social change. CPARN activities at Cornell vary from year to year depending on faculty and student interests. Past activities have included a seminar series at the university, a resource collection fondly dubbed the PARchives, a research consultation program for Cornell graduate students, and a registry of practitioners.

3. Action Research Resources, from Southern Cross University in Australia

This site provides a collection of informational resources on PAR, including links to several other useful websites on the subject.

4. Highlander Research and Education Center

The Highlander Center, founded in 1932, is the oldest and best known popular education center in the United States, perhaps in the world. This residential adult education center has inspired generations of progressive educators and activists from John Dewey to Martin Luther King Jr.. They modestly describe their work as, "?[W]e coordinate residential workshops, and we help local leaders build their own support networks and resources." They have a modest, but very useful web site. In addition to an excellent overview of Highlander with press clippings and contact information, the site describes the current initiatives and work at the Center. The Resources section of the web pages is especially valuable. In addition to listing books, articles, videos and music for sale, and copies of its newsletter Highlander Reports, it has a complete online and searchable catalog of the Highlander Library-one of the most extensive collections of popular education and participatory research materials available anywhere in the world.

5. Project South - Institute for the Elimination of Poverty and Genocide

Project South was founded in 1986 as a dynamic "?community-based membership institute that develops and conducts popular political and economic education and action research for organizing and liberation. [They] organize and develop popular educators from grassroots and scholarly backgrounds, bringing them together on the basis of equality to join in the process of understanding and transforming our society?. In 1997, [Project South] made the commitment to develop education and research programs which strengthen community organizing and build the capacity of a new movement for social and economic justice."
Project South supports a Popular Education Initiative, action research projects, workshops, and other activities and services. They have a number of excellent publications that can be ordered online including the excellent, Popular Education for Movement Building: A Resource Guide (1998). Project South's web site provides a thorough overview of their history, organization.

6. Augusto Boal's Theatre of the Oppressed

This website is supported by the International Theatre of the Oppressed Organization and Augusto Boal, who developed the technique of Theatre of the Oppressed. It provides a good overview of the purpose behind and techniques involved in Theatre of the Oppressed. It also contains links to several other sites with information on the subject. "Theatre of the Oppressed is a system of games and special techniques that aims at developing, in the oppressed citizens, the language of the theatre, which is the essential human language. This form of theatre is meant to be practiced by, about and for the oppressed, to help them fight against their oppressions and to transform the society that engenders those oppressions?Theatre of the Oppressed does not aim at being only like Hamlet's definition - a mirror that allows us to see our vices and virtues - but to be an instrument of concrete social transformation."

7. Web list of resources at: http://www.goshen.edu/soan/soan96p.htm

This website has not been updated in a few years, so some of the links are out of date. However, it is extremely helpful as a jumping off point to other pages of interest. Below you will find the current links to the sites listed there.
  • Action Research Electronic Reader
  • Action Research: Jack Whitehead's Homepage - University of Bath
  • Action Research - Queen's University
  • Action Research Resources - Southern Cross University
  • ALARMP - Action Learning, Action Research & Process Management Assoc. Inc.
  • An Action Research Bibliography
  • American Evaluation Association - Home Page
    AEA TIG on Collaborative, Participatory, & Empowerment Evaluation
  • Assessment & Evaluation on the Internet. ERIC/AE Digest - Drake & Rudner
  • COMM-ORG: Action Research (includes EXCELLENT popular education and community-university partnership links)
    See COMM-ORG editor Randy Stoecker's recent paper:
    Are Academics Irrelevant? Roles for Scholars in Participatory Research
  • Eldis Participation Guide - Gateway to info sources on development & environment
  • Education As Inquiry: A Teacher / Action Research Site - Developed by Judith M. Newman
    Action Research: A Brief Overview by Judith M. Newman
  • i2K - Project Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) System
  • IDRC Evaluation Unit - International Development Research Centre, Ottawa
  • International Association For Impact Assessment (IAIA)
  • The International Foundation for Action Learning (formerly Action Learning International) "Virtual meeting place for action learners & researchers worldwide"
  • MandE (Monitoring & Evaluation) News - Maintained by Rick Davies
  • PARnet - Cornell University Participatory Action Research Network
  • Participation Group - Institute of Development Studies, Sussex, UK
    Information Search
  • Participatory Research & Community Organizing - A "working paper" by Sue Sohng
  • Society for Community Research and Action
  • Social Impact - A Results-Oriented Program Management Firm
  • USAID Evaluation Publications - See CDIE's Performance Monitoring & Evaluation Tips
  • World Alliance for Citizen Participation (CIVICUS)
  • World Bank - Evaluation Unit
  • World Bank - Operations Evaluations Department
  • WEB Resources On Capacity Building & Asset Mapping
  • WEB Links To Community-Development Organization Sites

    Original list compiled by: Department of Sociology, Social Work & Anthropology
    Goshen College
    Goshen, IN 46526
    WEB-page html editing by Dr. Ronald L. Stutzman
    March 2001

8. Additional Sites of Interest:

Participatory Evaluation
A webpage designed to serve as a guide and entry way to some of the many resources on the subject of participatory evaluation
Educational Action Research,
includes link to Action Research Resources
Centre for Action Research in Professional Practice
Home base of Peter Reason & Jack Whitehead whose personal www site are accessible through here.
Action Research Open Web (AROW)
AROW, Action and Research Open Web has four parts. Action is an on-line workspace containing information and action projects that are not primarily research. Research contains a virtual laboratory with Internet research projects, research project webs, and access to software and other resources for researchers, as well as the journal Action Research e-Reports. Open Learning offers free access to 16 learning modules that are parts of courses, including the Action Research Electronic Reader. Web and networks includes links to Web resources and networks related to action and research, as well as information about the AROW web site.
Southeast Community Research Center
The SCRC was established to promote, facilitate, and conduct participatory and community-based research throughout the Southeastern United States. Founded on the campus of Morehouse College, and through the efforts of community-based organizations such as Project South, the Southeast Community Research Center maintains the spirit of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) and community-driven decision making to improve the quality of life for all under-served populations regardless of race, ethnicity, class, national origin, gender or sexual orientation, with the goal of nurturing effective democratic processes and building strong communities.
Oral History, Narrative and Life Story: A Partial Listing of WWW Sites

Center for the Study of Lives, U of Southern Maine

Center for the Study of History and Memory, Indiana University

Oral History Program, U of California, Los Angeles

Center for Oral History, U of Connecticut
See this site for links to many other centers in New England and beyond.

Oral History Association, Dickinson College

Canadian Oral History Association

Oral History and Community Memory Institute and Archive Institute for Human Communication (Humanities) CSU Monterey Bay

The Oral History and Community Memory Institute and Archive promotes a wide array of field oriented, project-based, archival and multimedia opportunities in oral history, community memory, life story, family history, and California history with a particular emphasis on the Central Coast region. Our goal is to encourage an integration of teaching, research, and ethical collaboration that involves students, faculty and community. The Institute promotes projects that have personal historical meaning, that further a multicultural understanding of diverse community histories, draw on a range of disciplinary traditions, address real social issues and problems, and return investigation results to the communities and individuals involved in ethical and collaborative ways.

Creative Narrations 107 College Avenue #2 Somerville, MA 02144 (617)519-9932 http://www.creativenarrations.net/site/index.html Creative Narrations is a consulting organization specializing in multimedia support and training for non-profit and educational institutions. Bringing together narrative, technology, and community building, Creative Narrations' mission is to provide organizations with the ability to document and represent the voices and images of change. Download 2004 Annual Report Here! Call or email to get a copy of Creative Narrations 2005 DVD!

The following information was copied from: http://www.oralhistory.org.uk/resources/ on August 9, 2002. This site of the Oral History Society/UK is no longer functioning, but many of the links are still valid sites so they are included below. Also note that my search suggests that many US based universities have some form of oral history programs and www sites.

Oral History Organizations

International Oral History Association

H-Oralhist is a network for scholars and professionals active in studies related to oral history


Useful Link / Search Sites
BBC Education - History
University of London Institute of Historical Research
The History Channel
Rhodes College, Memphis Tennessee, History Resources
New Jersey Council for History Education
Australian National University Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies

Some UK Sites
Age Exchange, The Reminiscence Centre, 11 Blackheath Village, London
Ambleside Oral History Group
British Library National Sound Archive Oral History Collection / National Life Story Collection, London

Department of Sound Records, Imperial War Museum, London
Qualidata - Qualitative Data Service
Mass-Observation Archive, University of Sussex
Open University (UK): Studying Family and Community History
School of Scottish Studies, University of Edinburgh
The Society of Archivists Film and Sound Group (UK)
South Wales Coalfield Collection/Miners Library, University of Wales Swansea
Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Waltham Forest Oral History Workshop
East Midlands Oral History Archive

US Sites
John F Kennedy Library Oral History Project
Kellogg African American Health Care Project
Michigan Oral History Association
Oral History Research Office, Columbia University, New York
Regional Oral History Office, Bancroft Library, Berkeley University
Smithsonian Institution Archives
Southern Oral History Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington
University of Alaska Fairbanks Oral History Program
University of Hawai'i Center for Oral History
University of Louisville Oral History Center
US Library of Congress WPA Federal Writers' Project Life Stories
1968: The Whole World Was Watching

Other Sites
National Library of Australia Oral History Collection
University of New South Wales Oral History Program, Sydney, Australia
National Library of New Zealand Oral History Centre
New Zealand Historical Branch (Oral History)
National Archives of Singapore Oral History Centre
Western Cape Oral History Project, University of Cape Town, South Africa

Oral History Publications
Oral History Handbooks and Bibliographies
  • Finnegan, Ruth, Oral Traditions and the Verbal Arts: A Guide to Research Practices, London, Routledge, 1992.
  • Perks, Robert, Oral History: An Annotated Bibliography, London, British Library National Sound Archive, 1990.
  • Perks, Robert, Oral History: Talking About the Past, London, Historical Association, second edition 1995.
  • Ritchie, Don, Doing Oral History, New York, Twayne, 1995.
  • Seldon, Anthony and Pappworth, Joanna, By Word of Mouth: Elite Oral History, London, Methuen, 1983.
  • Thompson, Paul, The Voice of the Past: Oral History, Oxford: Oxford University Press, second edition, 1988.
  • Trask, David and Pomeroy, Robert, The Craft of Public History: An Annotated Select Bibliography, Westport, Greenwood, 1983.
  • Yow, Valerie Raleigh, Recording Oral History: A Practical Guide for Social Scientists, London, Sage, 1994.

Theory and Practice

  • Bornat, Joanna, (ed.), Reminiscence Reviewed: Perspectives, Evaluations, Achievements, Buckingham, Open University Press, 1994.
  • Dunaway, David and Baum, Willa (eds), Oral History: An Interdisciplinary Anthology, London, Altamira Press, second edition 1996.
  • Evans, George Ewart, Spoken History, London, Faber, 1987.
  • Frisch, Michael, A Shared Authority: Essays on the Craft and Meaning of Oral and Public History, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1990.
  • Gluck, Sherna Berger and Patai, Daphne (eds), Women's Words: The Feminist Practice of Oral History, London, Routledge, 1991.
  • Grele, Ronald (ed.), Envelopes of Sound: The Art of Oral History, Chicago, Precedent, second edition 1985.
  • Lummis, Trevor, Listening to History: The Authenticity of Oral Evidence, London, Hutchinson, 1987.
  • Portelli, Alessandro, The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History, Albany, State University of New York Press, 1991.
  • Samuel, Raphael and Thompson, Paul (eds), The Myths We Live By, London, Routledge, 1990.
  • Tonkin, Elizabeth, Narrating Our Pasts: The Social Construction of Oral History, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1992.
  • Vansina, Jan, Oral Tradition: A Study in Historical Methodology, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1965.

Periodicals

  • Canadian Oral History Association Journal, vol. 1 1975/6--
  • Cuadernos, [International] no. 1 1997--
  • International Journal of Oral History, vol. 1 1980--??1990
  • International Yearbook of Oral History and Life Stories, vol. 1 1993--vol. 4 1996
  • Life Stories/Recits de Vie, [UK/France] no. 1 1985--no. 5 1989
  • Memory and Narrative, [International] vol. 1 1997--
  • Oral History, [UK] vol. 1 no. 1 1969--
  • Oral History Association of Australia Journal, no. 1 1978--
  • Oral History in New Zealand, vol. 1 1988--
  • Oral History Review, [US] no. 1 1973-
  • Journal of Narrative and Life History no 1 1991 ?

    Oral History Discussion List H-Oralhist is the oral history discussion list. To subscribe to the H-Oralhist send a message to: listserv@h-net.msu.edu with no subject and with the following text: SUBSCRIBE H-ORALHIST firstname lastname affiliation OR go to the H-Net home page and follow the directions